大庆油田公司“十四五”勘探形势与发展战略

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2026.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “十四五”期间，面对勘探对象逐渐转向“低品位、非常规、难动用、深层系”的复杂局面，以及基础理论认识与配套技术存在的诸多挑战，中国石油大庆油田公司（简称大庆油田）坚持“立足东北、加快西部、常非并重、油气并举、深浅兼顾”的总体布局，通过深化基础研究、推进前沿理论创新、加快技术迭代升级，实现了多项战略性突破与多领域规模增储，有力支撑了油田“第二曲线”的强势上扬。通过持续攻关，在多个关键领域实现了开创性进展：发展全油气系统理论，创新形成双甜点评价技术，原创提出古龙页岩油原位富集理论，推动松辽盆地北部常规油、致密油与页岩油实现规模增储与效益上产；深化多期叠合盆地油气富集规律认识，创新提出高隆带控储控藏模式，川渝探区茅口组基本落实3000×10⁸m³ 大气区；重塑前陆湖盆迁移演化规律，实现川渝页岩油历史性突破；完善复杂断陷盆地成藏理论，构建非常规成藏模式，海拉尔盆地源内致密油勘探取得重大突破；构建台缘礁滩断溶复合体成藏模式，突破“超深、超高压、超高温”等极限地质条件，塔东探区玉满台缘带初步形成千亿立方米增储区。展望未来，面对矿权面积大幅缩减、勘探对象日趋复杂、效益勘探难度加大等严峻挑战，把握战略转型机遇，开辟资源接续、技术引领、绿色智能的高质量发展新路径，科学谋划油气勘探发展方向与重点任务，统筹推进松辽盆地规模增储、川渝探区立体增储、塔东探区快速增储、海拉尔盆地接替增储、新区新领域接续增储五大工程，以建设世界一流现代化百年油田为担当，为保障国家能源安全持续贡献大庆力量。

关键词: 大庆油田, “十四五”, 勘探形势, 重大突破, 发展战略

Abstract: During the 14^th Five–Year Plan period, in the face of the complex situation where exploration targets gradually shifted towards “low grade, unconventional, difficult-to-utilize, and deeply buried” resources, as well as multiple challenges in fundamental theoretical understanding and supporting technologies, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company (Daqing Oilfield) has adhered to the overall layout of “focusing on Northeastern China, accelerating development in Western China, balancing conventional and unconventional resources, advancing both oil and gas, and exploring both shallow and deep targets”. By deepening fundamental research, advancing cutting-edge theoretical innovation, and accelerating technological iteration and upgrading, multiple strategic breakthroughs and large-scale reserve increase across various fields have been achieved, strongly supporting the robust rise of the oilfield’s “second curve”. Through continuous research efforts, the Company has made groundbreaking progress in several key fields: (1) It has developed a whole oil and gas system theory, innovatively developed a dual sweet spot evaluation technique, and first proposed the in-situ accumulation theory of Gulong shale oil, driving the large-scale reserve increase and profitable production of conventional oil, tight oil, and shale oil in the northern Songliao Basin; (2) It has deepened the understanding of hydrocarbon enrichment law in multi stage superimposed basin, and innovatively established models of uplift zone controlling reservoir
development and hydrocarbon accumulation, proving a 300-billion-cubic-meter giant gas field in Maokou Formation in Sichuan–Chongqing exploration area; (3) It has reshaped the migration and evolution laws of foreland lake basin, making a historic breakthrough in shale oil production in Sichuan–Chongqing exploration area; (4) It has refined the theory of hydrocarbon accumulation in complex faulted basin, and established unconventional hydrocarbon accumulation mode, achieving significant breakthroughs in the exploration of intra-source tight oil in Hailar Basin; (5) It has constructed the hydrocarbon accumulation model in platform marginal reef beach fault–karst complex, and broken through extreme geological conditions such as “ultra-depth, ultra-high pressure, and ultra-high temperature”, preliminarily forming a 100-billion-cubic-meter reserve zone in Yuman platform marginal zone in Tadong exploration area. Looking ahead, in response to severe challenges such as significantly reduced mining rights areas, increasingly complex exploration targets, and heightened difficulties in profitable exploration, the Company will seize the opportunities of strategic transformation, and forge a new path towards the high-quality development characterized by resource replacement, technological leadership, and green intelligence. It will scientifically plan its exploration orientations
and key tasks, and comprehensively promote five major projects, including large-scale reserve increase in Songliao Basin, stereoscopic reserve increase in Sichuan–Chongqing exploration area, rapid reserve increase in Tadong exploration area, reserve replacement and increase in Hailar Basin, and reserve succession and increase in new exploration areas and fields, taking on the responsibility of building a world-class modern century-old oilfield, and continuously contributing Daqing’s strength to ensuring national energy security.

Key words: Daqing Oilfield, the 14^th Five–Year Plan, exploration situation, major breakthrough, development strategy

中图分类号:

TE11

白雪峰, 李军辉, 李敬生, 吴景峰, 王彪. 大庆油田公司“十四五”勘探形势与发展战略[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2026, 31(1): 50-63.

Bai Xuefeng, Li Junhui, Li Jingsheng, Wu Jingfeng, Wang Biao. Exploration situation and development strategy of Daqing Oilfield Company during the 14^th Five–Year Plan period[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2026, 31(1): 50-63.

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