中国石油勘探 ›› 2026, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 64-79.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2026.01.006

• 勘探案例 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂尔多斯盆地“十四五”油气勘探进展及未来勘探方向

赵喆1,2,范立勇1,3,黄正良1,3,程党性1,3,虎建玲1,3,楚美娟1,3,闫伟1,3,胡新友1,3,毛志奇1,3,曹晶晶1,3,田连杰1,3   

  1. 1 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室;2 中国石油长庆油田公司;3 中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院
  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 黄正良(1979-),男,湖北荆州人,硕士,2006 年毕业于长江大学,高级工程师,主要从事页岩气及海相碳酸盐岩勘探研究工作。地址:陕西省西安市未央区未央路151 号,邮政编码:710018。
  • 作者简介:赵喆(1976-),男,新疆五家渠人,博士,2006 年毕业于中国石油大学(北京),教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油与天然气地质研究及勘探管理工作。地址:陕西省西安市未央区未央路151 号,邮政编码:710018。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项课题“深层海相油气成藏地质条件及增储领域研究”(2025ZD1400203);中国石油长庆油田公司重大科技专
    项“鄂尔多斯盆地深部层系构造—沉积环境、成藏条件与有利勘探区带研究”(2024D1JC06)

Progress in oil and gas exploration during the 14th Five–Year Plan period and future exploration orientations in Ordos Basin#br#

Zhao Zhe1,2,Fan Liyong1,3,Huang Zhengliang1,3,Cheng Dangxing1,3,Hu Jianling1,3,Chu Meijuan1,3,Yan Wei1,3,Hu Xinyou1,3,Mao Zhiqi1,3,Cao Jingjingi1,3,Tian Lianjie1,3   

  1. 1 National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil & Gas Fields; 2 PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company; 3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company
  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地长期以常规油气资源勘探开发为主,随着勘探程度的提高,油气勘探逐步转入源内,但面对盆地油气稳产的长期需求,勘探面临极大挑战。系统梳理了鄂尔多斯盆地“十四五”以来主要勘探进展、成效及取得的关键成藏地质认识:(1)鄂尔多斯盆地中生界、上古生界、深层均发育有效烃源岩,其中中生界及上古生界烃源岩落实程度高,是油气勘探开发的主力烃源层;奥陶系发育两套低丰度烃源岩,乌拉力克组烃源岩厚度大、连续分布,奥陶系盐间虽单层厚度薄,但是累计厚度较大,均具有较强的规模生烃能力;(2)三大层系烃源岩不仅具有较强的生烃能力,同时也具有较好的储集性能,实现了由单一烃源岩向源储一体的认识转变,源内成藏或近源成藏更具油气富集条件;(3)依据勘探程度及烃源岩落实程度,下一步勘探分两个层次展开:第一个层次为中生界页岩油、上古生界煤岩气以及西缘青石峁致密气等现实勘探领域;第二个层次为中生界延长组下组合、上古生界海陆过渡相页岩气、奥陶系盐间、西部奥陶系、寒武系—中元古界—新元古界等接替勘探领域。下一步勘探需深化新领域基础地质及油气成藏理论创新,同时要加强三维地震部署、配套勘探技术提升及储层改造技术优化工作,推动现实勘探领域规模增储,新层系、新领域取得新突破,为鄂尔多斯盆地油气长期稳产提供资源保障。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 页岩油, 煤岩气, 奥陶系, 勘探方向

Abstract: The conventional oil and gas exploration and development have dominated in Ordos Basin for a long time. With the increasing
exploration level, it has gradually shifted to intra-source exploration. However, in response to the long-term demands for steady oil and gas production, exploration faces significant challenges. The major exploration progress, achievements, and key geological understanding of hydrocarbon accumulation in Ordos Basin since the 14th Five–Year Plan period have systematically been reviewed: (1) Effective source rocks were developed in the Mesozoic, Upper Paleozoic, and deep formations in Ordos Basin. Among them, the Mesozoic and Upper Paleozoic source rocks have highly been proved, which served as the main source rocks for exploration. In addition, two sets of low-abundance source rocks were developed in the Ordovician, and both had large-scale hydrocarbon generation potential, in which Wulalik Formation source rock had a large thickness and continuous distribution, while the Ordovician inter-salt layer had a thin individual layer thickness but huge cumulative thickness. (2) Besides the strong hydrocarbon generation capacity, the innovative understanding has been formed that the three major stratigraphic sequences had favorable reservoir physical properties, marking a concept transformation from a simple source rock to a source rock–reservoir integrated system, and the intra-source or near-source accumulation was more conducive to gas enrichment. (3) Based on the exploration level and source rock proven degree, future exploration will be conducted in two tiers. The first tier focuses on the realistic exploration fields, including the Mesozoic shale oil, Upper Paleozoic coal rock gas, and western marginal Qingshimao tight gas; The second tier includes the replacement exploration fields such as the lower combination in the Mesozoic Yanchang Formation, Upper Paleozoic transitional facies shale gas, Ordovician inter-salt layer, Ordovician in the western basin, and Cambrian–Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic. In the exploration practice, it is essential to deepen fundamental geological study and innovate hydrocarbon accumulation theory in new fields, while strengthening 3D seismic deployment, enhancing exploration supporting technologies, and optimizing reservoir stimulation techniques, so as to promote the large-scale reserve increase in realistic exploration fields and achieve breakthroughs in new formations and fields, providing resource guarantees for long-term steady oil and gas production in Ordos Basin.

Key words: Ordos Basin, shale oil, coal rock gas, Ordovician, exploration orientation

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