鄂尔多斯盆地中央古隆起西侧奥陶系天然气成藏条件及成藏模式——以环县地区为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2026.01.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鄂尔多斯盆地西部下古生界中央古隆起西侧风险探井环古1井在奥陶系顶部钻遇风化壳储层，见较好气显示，证实古隆起西侧是一个重要的接替领域，展现出较好的天然气勘探潜力。立足中央古隆起西侧，基于区域测录井、分析化验、二三维地震等资料，开展奥陶系天然气成藏条件综合分析，认为中央古隆起西侧受1号断层控制，奥陶系地层保存较完整，发育盆地东部对应的主力目的层马家沟组马三段、马四段；风化壳主要发育在下古生界马家沟组顶部，易于受风化淋滤作用形成岩溶缝洞型储层，风化壳上部太原组受岩溶古地貌控制易形成铝土岩储层；风化壳附近发育上古生界煤层和下古生界马家沟组内部白云质泥岩两套烃源岩，其中上古生界煤系烃源岩生烃条件好；1号断层以西断裂较发育，形成“堑垒相间”构造特征，断裂构成了上古生界煤系烃源岩与下古生界海相烃源岩的有利通道，致使古隆起西侧具有双源供烃的气源条件；构建古隆起西侧断垒残台型、断堑残积及孤立残丘型3种有利成藏模式，指出双源供烃背景下风化壳储层匹配的构造高垒块以及地堑的上倾部位和丘状隆起为下步有利的勘探方向。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 奥陶系, 风化壳储层, 天然气, 成藏模式, 勘探方向

Abstract: In the western part of the Ordos Basin, the risk exploration well Huan Gu-1, located on the western side of the central paleo-uplift of the Lower Paleozoic, encountered weathered crust reservoirs at the top of the Ordovician System, showing favorable gas shows. This confirms that the western side of the paleo-uplift is a significant prospective area with promising natural gas exploration potential. Focusing on the western side of the central paleo-uplift and based on regional logging, analytical testing, 2D and 3D seismic data, a comprehensive analysis of the natural gas accumulation conditions in the Ordovician System was conducted. It is concluded that the western side of the central paleo-uplift is controlled by Fault No. 1, with relatively well-preserved Ordovician strata. The Majiagou Formation (Member 3 and Member 4) corresponds to the main target layers in the eastern part of the basin. The weathered crust primarily develops at the top of the Majiagou Formation of the Lower Paleozoic, where karst fractures and caves are easily formed by weathering and leaching. The upper Taiyuan Formation in the weathered crust is influenced by paleokarst topography, facilitating the formation of bauxite reservoirs. Near the weathered crust, two sets of source rocks are developed: the Upper Paleozoic coal measures and the dolomitic mudstone of the Lower Paleozoic Majiagou Formation. Among these, the Upper Paleozoic coal measures exhibit favorable hydrocarbon generation conditions. To the west of Fault No. 1, fractures are more developed, forming a “ridge-trough alternating” structural pattern. These fractures serve as favorable conduits between the Upper Paleozoic coal measures and the Lower Paleozoic marine source rocks, resulting in dual hydrocarbon supply conditions for the paleo-uplift’s western side. Three favorable accumulation models were established for the western side of the paleo-uplift: the fault-rift residual platform type, the fault-rift residual accumulation type, and the isolated residual mound type. It is pointed out that under the dual hydrocarbon supply background, the structural high ridges matching the weathered crust reservoirs, as well as the updip sections of the rifts and moundlike uplifts, represent promising exploration directions for future efforts.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Ordovician system, Weathered crust reservoir, Natural gas, Accumulation mode, exploration direction

中图分类号:

TE122.11

李涛, 雷福平, 杭伟, 杨军, 赵乐义, 李昱东, 刘峰, 赵伟, 杨宇, 廖鸿辉. 鄂尔多斯盆地中央古隆起西侧奥陶系天然气成藏条件及成藏模式——以环县地区为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2026, 31(1): 146-159.

Li Tao, Lei Fuping, Hang Wei, Yang Jun, Zhao Leyi, Li Yudong, Liu Feng, Zhao Wei, Yang Yu, Liao Honghui. Gas accumulation conditions and models in the Ordovician system on the western side of the Central Paleohigh in the Ordos Basin——Taking Huan County as an example[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2026, 31(1): 146-159.

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