西湖凹陷中央反转带花港组构造—成岩控储机制研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 西湖凹陷中央反转带花港组是东海盆地近年来油气勘探的重要目标，但受多期构造活动与成岩作用影响，储层非均质性强，优质储层成因尚不明确。以“B”构造为例，综合岩心、矿物组分、扫描电镜、高压压汞及成像测井数据，系统分析储层应力分布、裂缝发育特征及构造—成岩控储机制。研究区构造应力呈明显三段式分带：浅层为张应力主控，发育规则裂缝；中层应力扰动强烈，裂缝走向弥散；深层以剪压应力为主，裂缝集中且倾角大。不同构造部位（断裂核部、破碎带、围岩区）在应力集中、裂缝导通与成岩流体活动方面存在显著差异。综合构造应力及成岩作用的影响，将花港组储层划分为6类构造—成岩相，并明确了其平面展布特征。各类成岩相在断裂核部、破碎带与围岩区之间交替分布，其中优质储层多发育于裂缝导通性强、成岩体系开放的强溶蚀相区。总体而言，研究区储层非均质性源于构造应力、裂缝系统与成岩作用的多尺度耦合，构造—成岩相揭示了“应力主导—流体驱动—相带分异”的控储模式。研究结果为走滑断裂带优质储层预测与分带评价提供了地质依据。

关键词: 致密砂岩, 构造—成岩相, 走滑断裂, 花港组, 西湖凹陷

Abstract: In recent years, Huagang Formation in the central inversion structural belt in Xihu Sag is a major exploration target in the East China Sea Basin. However, due to the influence of multi-stage tectonic activities and diagenesis, the reservoirs exhibit strong heterogeneity, and the genesis of high-quality reservoirs remains unclear. Taking structure “B” as an example, and integrating with core observation, mineral composition analysis, scanning electron microscopy, high-pressure mercury injection, and imaging logging data, reservoir stress distribution, fracture development characteristics, and the tectono-diagenetic reservoir-controlling mechanisms have systematically been analyzed. The tectonic stress in the study area displays a distinct three-segment zonation. The shallow zone is dominated by extensional stress, with regularly oriented fractures developed, and the middle zone is characterized by intense stress disturbance and diffuse fracture orientations, while the deep zone is governed by compressive–shear stress, with concentrated and large-angle fractures developed. There are significant differences in stress concentration, fracture connectivity, and diagenetic fluid activity in different structural positions (fault core, fractured zone, and host zone). Considering the combined effects of tectonic stress and diagenesis, Huagang Formation reservoirs are classified into six types of tectono-diagenetic facies, and their planar distribution characteristics have been clarified. These facies alternate spatially among the fault core, fractured zone, and host zone, with high-quality reservoirs predominantly developed in strong dissolution facies zones characterized by high fracture connectivity and open diagenetic system. Overall, reservoir heterogeneity in the study area was controlled by multi-scale coupling of tectonic stress, fracture system, and diagenetic process, and a reservoir-controlling model of “stress-dominant–fluid-driving–facies zone differentiation” was proposed based on tectono-diagenetic facies analysis. The study results provide a geological basis for high-quality reservoir prediction and zonal evaluation in strike-slip fault zones.

Key words: tight sandstone, tectono-diagenetic facies, strike-slip fault, Huagang Formation, Xihu Sag

中图分类号:

TE122.3

田安琦, 刘成林, 付金华, 黄导武, 刘创新, 霍宏亮. 西湖凹陷中央反转带花港组构造—成岩控储机制研究[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(6): 134-152.

Tian Anqi, Liu Chenglin, Fu Jinhua, Huang Daowu, Liu Chuangxin, Huo Hongliang. Tectono-diagenetic reservoir-controlling mechanisms of Huagang Formation in the central inversion structural belt, Xihu Sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(6): 134-152.

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