Geological conditions for shale oil enrichment in Qingshankou Formation and exploration potential in Sanzhao Sag, Northern Songliao Basin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.06.008

Abstract

Abstract: In Northern Songliao Basin, the high-quality shale in Qingshankou Formation was mainly developed in Gulong and Sanzhao sags. Major strategic breakthroughs in shale oil have been achieved in Gulong Sag. However, there is a lack of systematic study on oil enrichment geological conditions, main controlling factors, and exploration potential of shale with relatively low maturity in Sanzhao Sag. Based on achievements in risk exploration wells, a comprehensive study has been conducted on sedimentary paleogeomorphology, paleoenvironment, reservoir lithofacies, and reservoir evaluation parameters, and shale oil enrichment geological characteristics in Sanzhao Sag have been discussed in detail by comparing with those in Gulong Sag. The results indicate that: (1) In the context of a transgressive environment, Sanzhao Sag was featured by saline and brackish–saline water environments, as well as high paleo-productivity given the semi-humid to humid climates and anoxic environment; (2) Three types of shale oil reservoirs were developed in Qingshankou Formation in Sanzhao Sag, i.e., organic-rich laminar shale, laminated shale, and thin siltstone interlayered shale, all of which had excellent reservoir storage capacity and high oil content; (3) The total area of ClassⅠ favorable zone of the three types of shale oil exceeds 3000 km², in which Sanzhao Sag hosts a unique ClassⅠ favorable zone of laminar type shale oil, with enormous resource amount. The study results confirm that Sanzhao Sag is the shale oil replacement zone after Qijia-Gulong sags, and provide significant guidance and reference for sweet spot prediction and large-scale shale oil exploration in the basin.

Key words: Songliao Basin, Sanzhao Sag, Qingshankou Formation, continental shale oil, favorable area

CLC Number:

TE122.11

Zhou Haiyan, Wang Lan, Yang Zijie, Shang Fei, Chen Dongxia, Bi He. Geological conditions for shale oil enrichment in Qingshankou Formation and exploration potential in Sanzhao Sag, Northern Songliao Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(6): 101-119.

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