鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘延长组前积特征及油气勘探意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘三维地震剖面上延长组广泛发育前积地震反射特征，综合应用钻井、测井、岩心等地质资料，井震结合开展地层对比划分，分析前积层沉积演化、砂体展布及油气分布规律。获得以下认识：（1）盆地西南缘延长组长7段—长3段内部发育多期前积反射特征，总体反映了水退砂进的进积特征，沉积单元以切线斜交型特征依次向湖盆中心叠置，通过重建延长组地层格架，改变了“地层等厚”对比传统认识；（2）盆地西南缘发育的两类砂体分布特征主要受湖盆底型控制，依据测井相、地震相及沉积相综合研究表明，延长组前积层的上段、下段分别控制了三角洲前缘及重力流两种不同类型砂体的分布，重力流砂体是形成规模勘探开发的有利储集类型；（3）开展基于“两宽一高”地震信息精细刻画前积层不同期次深水重力流砂体分布，有效落实了优质储层分布区，坡脚富砂带是致密油规模增储的有利区带。上述基于地震前积反射结构解析形成的储层预测方法对于国内具有相似深水相沉积背景的致密油勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 延长组, 前积特征, 重力流砂体, 储层预测

Abstract: In the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin, progradation seismic reflection features of Yanchang Formation are extensively observed in 3D seismic profile. By comprehensively using geological data such as well drilling, logging, and core section, well–seismic data has been combined to conduct stratigraphic correlation and division, and analyze the sedimentary evolution of progradation layer, sand body distribution, and oil and gas distribution laws. The following understanding has been obtained: (1) Multi-stage progradation reflection features are observed in the seventh–third members of Yanchang Formation in the southwestern basin margin, which generally reflect the progradation characteristics of water regression and sand progradation. The deposition units are stacked in a tangential oblique pattern towards the lake basin center. After reconstructing a stratigraphic framework of Yanchang Formation, the traditional method of “isopachous” stratigraphic correlation has been changed; (2) The distribution characteristics of the two types of sand bodies in the southwestern basin margin were mainly controlled by the basin bottom shape. The comprehensive study of logging, seismic, and sedimentary facies shows that the upper and lower sections of the progradation layer in Yanchang Formation respectively controlled the distribution of delta front and gravity flow sand bodies, among which the gravity flow sand bodies are favorable reservoir types for large-scale exploration and development; (3) Based on the “two-wide and one-high” seismic information, the distribution of multi-stage deep-water gravity flow sand bodies in the progradation layer has been finely characterized, effectively identifying the distribution range of high-quality reservoirs, and determining that the slope foot sand-rich belt is a favorable area for increasing tight oil reserves on a large scale. The reservoir prediction method based on seismic progradation reflection structure analysis has important guiding significance for the exploration and development of tight oil with similar deep-water sedimentary backgrounds in China.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Yanchang Formation, progradation characteristics, gravity flow sand body, reservoir prediction

中图分类号:

TE111.3

柏桐, 陈国文, 刘康, 何燕, 李想, 杨庆宁, 姜凯月. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘延长组前积特征及油气勘探意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(5): 101-111.

Bai Tong, Chen Guowen, Liu Kang, He Yan, Li Xiang, Yang Qingning, Jiang Kaiyue. Progradation characteristics of Yanchang Formation and petroleum exploration significance in the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(5): 101-111.

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