“十四五”钻完井技术进展与“十五五”发展方向

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2026.01.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “十四五”期间，针对深层、深水、非常规、老油田领域面临的钻完井技术难题，我国研发了一批具有自主知识产权的重大装备、工具、仪器、工作液等，集成配套形成了以“15000m自动化钻机、抗高温井下动力钻具与高效PDC 钻头、抗240℃高温井筒工作液”等为代表的万米特深井钻完井技术，迭代升级了以“国产旋转地质导向系统、长水平段一趟钻”为代表的非常规油气水平井钻井技术，创新完善了以“短半径水平井”为代表的老油气田侧钻井/分支井钻井技术，突破了“海洋钻井自动反馈动态压井系统、深水隔水管系统”等一批海洋深水钻井关键技术与装备，形成了以“U型水平井”等为代表的新能源低碳业务钻井技术，钻井数字化智能化程度持续提升，有力支撑了油气增储上产和高质量发展。面向“十五五”，国内上游实现剩余可采储量效益开发和新探明储量规模动用难度进一步加大，推进油气增储上产和新能源业务融合发展对钻井技术提出一系列新挑战，坚持智能化、绿色化、融合化方向，加快研发智能钻井技术，迭代升级万米特深井钻井技术、非常规油气水平井钻井技术，攻关形成五级分支井钻井技术，加快突破1500m深水安全高效钻井技术、高温地热钻井技术。

关键词: 钻完井技术, 深井超深井, 水平井, 海洋钻井, 智能钻井

Abstract: Faced with well drilling and completion technical challenges in the fields of deep formations, deepwater, unconventional resources, and mature oilfields, China has developed a series of major equipment, tools, instruments, and working fluids with independent intellectual property rights during the 14^th Five–Year Plan period. The integrated technical system has been established, including drilling and completion technologies for 10000-meter ultra-deep wells represented by “15000-meter automated drilling rig, high-temperature resistant downhole motor tools and efficient PDC bits, and 240 °C high-temperature resistant wellbore working fluids”. The unconventional oil and gas horizontal well drilling technologies have been iteratively upgraded, which are represented by “domestic rotary geosteering system and one-trip drilling for long horizontal section”. The drilling technologies for sidetracking and multilateral wells represented by “small-radius horizontal well” in mature oil and gas fields have been innovated and promoted. Breakthroughs have been made in key technologies and equipment for offshore deepwater well drilling, such as “offshore drilling automatic feedback dynamic well control system and deepwater riser system”. The well drilling technologies for new energy and low-carbon business, represented by “U-shaped horizontal wells”, have been developed. The digitalization and intelligentization of well drilling operations have continuously improved, strongly supporting the increase in oil and gas reserves and production and enabling high-quality development. Looking ahead to the 15^th Five–Year Plan period, the domestic upstream sector faces increasing difficulties in achieving cost-effective development of remaining recoverable reserves and the large-scale utilization of newly proven reserves. It poses a series of new challenges for drilling technologies in promoting the increase in oil and gas reserves and production and the integrated development of new energy businesses. By adhering to the directions of intelligentization, greening, and integration, it is essential to accelerate research and development of intelligent well drilling technologies, iteratively upgrade drilling technologies for 10000-meter ultra-deep well and unconventional oil and gas horizontal well, research 5-level multilateral well drilling technologies, and accelerate breakthroughs in safe and efficient drilling technologies for 1,500-meter deepwater wells and high-temperature geothermal wells.

Key words: drilling and completion technology, deep and ultra-deep wells, horizontal well, offshore drilling, intelligent drilling

中图分类号:

汪海阁, 周波. “十四五”钻完井技术进展与“十五五”发展方向[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2026, 31(1): 180-192.

Wang Haige, Zhou Bo. Progress in well drilling and completion technologies during the 14^th Five–Year Plan period and development direction in the 15^th Five–Year Plan period[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2026, 31(1): 180-192.

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