波斯湾盆地深部构造特征、古隆起识别及其勘探意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2025.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 波斯湾盆地深部古隆起控制巨型低幅背斜的发育，进而控制世界级大型油气田的形成。亟须精细刻画波斯湾盆地深部古隆起和断裂的分布特征，深入分析其对油气分布的控制作用。基于高精度EGM自由空气重力数据小波分析，在中阿拉伯次盆、鲁卜哈里次盆和扎格罗斯次盆精细识别出36个古隆起。根据古隆起形成演化过程，将其划分为3期：前寒武纪古隆起、晚泥盆世—早石炭世古隆起、中—上新世古隆起。第1期和第2期古隆起控制前寒武系—泥盆系背斜构造圈闭、泥盆系削截不整合—岩性圈闭以及二叠系—白垩系背斜构造圈闭的发育。第3期古隆起控制中—上新统披覆背斜圈闭的发育。结合波斯湾盆地成藏条件配置关系，预测出16个古生界油气藏有利区、26个侏罗系油气藏有利区和16个白垩系油气藏有利区，为波斯湾及类似盆地的深层油气勘探提供借鉴。

关键词: 自由空气重力, 深部构造, 油气分布, 控制作用, 波斯湾盆地

Abstract: The deep paleo uplifts in Persian Gulf Basin controlled the development of giant low-amplitude anticlines, which further controlled the formation of world-class large oil and gas fields. It is urgent to delineate the distribution of deep paleo uplifts and faults, and analyze their control over oil and gas distribution. Based on the wavelet analysis of high precision EGM free air gravity data, 36 paleo uplifts have been identified in Central Arabian, Rub’ al-Khali and Zagros sub-basins, which are classified into three stages based on their formation and evolution processes, i.e., Precambrian, Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous, and Miocene–Pliocene. The first and second stages of paleo uplifts controlled the development of the Precambrian–Devonian anticlinal traps, the Devonian truncated unconformity–lithologic traps, and the Periman–Cretaceous anticlinal traps. While the third stage of paleo uplifts controlled the development of the Miocene–Pliocene drape anticlinal traps. By combining with the configuration relationship of hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in Persian Gulf Basin, favorable exploration areas have been predicted, including 16 oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic, 26 oil and gas reservoirs in the Jurassic and 16 oil and gas reservoirs in the Cretaceous. This study provides reference for deep oil and gas exploration in Persian Gulf and similar basins.

Key words: free air gravity, deep structure, oil and gas distribution, control effect, Persian Gulf Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

高敏, 张忠民, 王桐, 吴高奎, 曹喆, 史丹妮. 波斯湾盆地深部构造特征、古隆起识别及其勘探意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2025, 30(5): 56-67.

Gao Min, Zhang Zhongmin, Wang Tong, Wu Gaokui, Cao Zhe, Shi Danni. Characteristics of deep structures, identification of paleo uplifts and exploration significance in Persian Gulf Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2025, 30(5): 56-67.

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