Abstract: The petroleum exploration in Junggar Basin has entered a new stage of exploration in hydrocarbon rich sags, which faces new challenges such as increasing burial depth, more scattered and subtle exploration targets, poorer reservoir porosity and permeability, and low upgrade rate and recovery rate of reserves. It is an urgent task to improve exploration effectiveness and achieve benefit development of oil fields. The new round of integrated research and re-understanding of the basin indicates that the spatial distribution of multiple source kitchens in Junggar Basin are complementary, showing “abundant oil and rich gas”, which has broken through the traditional understanding of “abundant oil but less gas” in the basin; There are four types of large-scale effective reservoirs in hydrocarbon rich sags, with orderly distribution in lateral and superposition in vertical direction; Three types of hydrocarbon accumulation systems are identified, such as orderly accumulation of conventional and unconventional oil and gas in source rock, large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation in regressive fan delta facies glutenites above source rock, and stereoscopic hydrocarbon accumulation in medium-shallow fault-sand coupling reservoirs. In combination with the resource characteristics, new geological knowledge, adaptability of exploration and development technologies, and goal of sustainable and benefit development in Junggar Basin, strategies for high-efficiency exploration are proposed, including “simultaneous exploration of oil and gas, emphasis on both conventional and unconventional oil and gas, co-exploration of deep and shallow oil and gas, and reserve increase in multiple fields”, and three major exploration orientations and nine major exploration fields are put forward, so as to support the benefit and sustainable development of the oilfield.